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Review Article

Safety Evaluation of Airport Approach Lighting System impacted by Airplane: A Review Study

항공기 충격 하중을 받는 공항 진입등 안전성 평가: 리뷰 연구

Seong Ryong Ahn1
,
Sanghee Kim2*
,
Hyeon-Jong Hwang3
,
Su-Min Kang4
,
Yura Kim5
안 성룡1
,
김 상희2*
,
황 현종3
,
강 수민4
,
김 유라5
1Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Architectural Engineering, Kyonggi University, Suwon, 16227, Rep. of Korea
2Assistant Professor, Department of Architectural Engineering, Kyonggi University, Suwon, 16227, Rep. of Korea
3Associate Professor, Department of Architecture and Architectural Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Rep. of Korea
4Associate Professor, School of Architecture, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978, Rep. of Korea
5Lecturer, Department of architecture, Chubu University, Aichi-Ken, 487-8501, Japan
1경기대학교 건축공학과 박사후연구원
2경기대학교 건축공학과 조교수
3서울대학교 건축학과 부교수
4숭실대학교 건축학부 부교수
5일본 Chubu University 건축학과 전임강사
*Corresponding Author
19 November 2025. pp. 222-231
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Abstract

Recent aircraft accidents have raised concerns regarding the structural safety of airport facilities. Approach lighting structures, in particular, which are located near runways, can act as potential obstacles during aircraft emergency landings. Therefore, they must be designed as ‘frangible’ structures that fail easily upon impact to minimize damage. Accordingly, the International Civil Aviation Organization’s (ICAO) ‘Aerodrome Design Manual Part 6’ and the Korean Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport’s “Aerodrome Design Manual, Frangibility” specify detailed experimental methods and simulation procedures. This study comprehensively reviews the design standards from both manuals, as well as numerous full-scale experimental tests and analytical studies, to investigate the failure mechanisms and safety evaluation methods for approach light structures. Based on the two design manuals, full-scale impact tests on approach lighting systems should be systematically planned with consideration of test site conditions, approach lighting configuration, aircraft wing, and measurement systems. Numerical simulations should be developed to replicate the experimental impact conditions, with model validity established through comparative verification against test data. This integrated approach enables optimal determination of the location and design specifications for frangible connection systems.

Keywords
Aircraft Accident
Approach Light Structure
Frangibility
Full-scale Test
Simulation

최근 다양한 항공기 사고로 인해 공항 내 시설물의 구조적 안전성에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 특히 활주로 인근에 설치되는 진입등 구조물은 항공기 비상착륙 시 잠재적 장애물이 될 수 있어, 충돌 시 쉽게 파괴되는 ‘취약성(Frangible)’ 구조로 설계되어야 한다. 이에 따라 국제민간항공기구(ICAO) ‘비행장 설계 매뉴얼’과 국토해양부 ‘충돌 시 부러지기 쉬운 구조물 설계 매뉴얼’에서 실험 방법과 시뮬레이션 절차를 구체적으로 규정하고 있다. 본 연구는 두 매뉴얼에 근거한 설계 기준과 다수의 실증 실험 및 해석 연구를 종합적으로 검토하여 진입등 구조물의 파괴 메커니즘과 안전성 평가 방법을 고찰하였다. 두 매뉴얼을 근거로 진입등 충돌 실험은 실험장소, 진입등 시스템, 비행기 날개, 계측 등을 종합적으로 고려하여 계획하여야 한다. 시뮬레이션 해석은 진입등 충돌 실험과 유사하게 모델링하며, 실험 결과와의 교차 검증을 통해 수치 모델의 신뢰성을 확보해야 한다. 이를 통해 부러지기 쉬운 연결 시스템의 최적 위치 및 규격을 결정할 수 있다.

키워드
항공기 사고
진입등
취약성
실증실험
시뮬레이션
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Information
  • Publisher :Korea Protective Facility Institute
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국방호시설학회
  • Journal Title :Protective Facility
  • Journal Title(Ko) :방호시설
  • Volume : 2
  • No :4
  • Pages :222-231
  • Received Date : 2025-10-27
  • Revised Date : 2025-11-09
  • Accepted Date : 2025-11-10
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.23310/PF.2025.2.4.222
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