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Research Article

Nonlinear Blast-Resistant Design of RC Walls in a High-Pressure Region Using AEM

고압설계영역에서 응용요소법 기반 비선형 해석을 이용한 RC 벽체의 방폭 설계 검토

Sooyeon Jeong1
,
Ji-Eun Roh2
,
Sang-hyun Lee3*
정 수연1
,
노 지은2
,
이 상현3*
1Graduate Student, School of Architecture, Dankook University, Yongin, 16890, Rep. of Korea
2Research Professor, School of Architecture, Dankook University, Yongin, 16890, Rep. of Korea
3Professor, School of Architecture, Dankook University, Yongin, 16890, Rep. of Korea
1단국대학교 건축공학과 석박사통합과정
2단국대학교 부설 리모델링연구소 연구교수
3단국대학교 건축공학과 교수
*Corresponding Author
31 January 2026. pp. 25-33
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Abstract

This study examines the nonlinear behavior of reinforcement in reinforced concrete (RC) walls within a high-pressure design region (R = 7.5 m) using nonlinear dynamic analysis based on the Applied Element Method (AEM). A previously validated RC wall model was employed, and the stand-off distance was reduced by half under a TNT charge of 300 kg to evaluate the resulting structural response. The results indicate that direct application of the UFC-based equivalent static design procedure significantly increases the required reinforcement ratio beyond practical detailing limits. Under the reduced stand-off distance, longitudinal and transverse bars remained largely elastic, whereas shear reinforcement yielded and fractured in tension, resulting in shear-dominated failure. Increasing the shear reinforcement ratio effectively suppressed shear failure and stabilized the nonlinear response, while increasing the flexural reinforcement ratio reduced nonlinear behavior in vertical bars. Overall, the findings suggest that, in high-pressure design regions, targeted shear detailing combined with nonlinear dynamic analysis provides a more rational blast-resistant design approach than uniformly increasing the overall reinforcement ratio.

Keywords
Applied Element Method
Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis
Blast-Resistant Design
Reinforced Concrete Wall
High-Pressure Design

본 연구에서는 응용요소법(Applied Element Method, AEM)을 기반으로 한 비선형 동적해석을 이용하여, 이격거리 감소에 따른 고압설계영역(R = 7.5 m)에서 철근콘크리트(RC) 벽체의 철근 비선형 거동 특성을 분석하였다. 선행연구에서 검증된 RC 벽체 모델을 기반으로, TNT 300 kg 조건에서 이격거리만을 절반 수준으로 감소시켜 구조 응답의 변화를 비교·검토하였다. 해석 결과, UFC 기반 간략 방호설계 절차에 따른 등가정적 하중을 그대로 적용할 경우 요구 철근비가 급격히 증가하여 실무적 배근 한계를 초과하는 것으로 나타났다. 기존 이격거리(R = 15 m) 조건에서 설계된 배근을 적용한 비선형 동적해석에서는 수평 및 수직철근은 대부분 탄성 거동을 유지한 반면, 전단철근에서 항복 이후 인장 파단이 발생하여 지배 파괴 모드가 전단 파단으로 전이되었다. 이에 전단철근비만을 증가시킨 결과, 전단 파단은 효과적으로 억제되었으며 구조 응답은 안정적인 비선형 거동을 나타냈다. 또한 휨철근비를 단계적으로 증가시킨 경우, 수직철근의 비선형 거동 범위가 감소하는 경향이 확인되었다. 본 연구 결과는 고압설계영역에서 전면적인 철근비 증량보다는 지배 파괴 메커니즘을 고려한 전단 상세 보강과 비선형 동적해석의 병행이 합리적인 방폭 설계 접근임을 시사한다.

키워드
응용요소법
비선형동적해석
방폭 설계
RC벽체
고압설계영역
References
1

Abebe, S. and Getachew, S. (2022) Numerical Study on Effect of Constant and Variable Axial Loads on RC Column Subjected To Blast Load. Heliyon 8(11), e11681.

10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e1168136425409PMC9679392
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Applied Science International (2022) Extreme Loading® for Structures Theoretical Manual Version 9. Durham: Applied Science International, LLC.

3

Department of Defense (2008) UFC 3-340-02: Structures to Resist the Effects of Accidental Explosions. Washington, D.C.: U.S Department of Defense.

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Francioli, M., Petrini, F., Olmati, P., and Bontempi, F. (2021) Robustness of Reinforced Concrete Frames Against Blast-Induced Progressive Collapse. Vibration 4(3), 722-742.

10.3390/vibration4030040
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Jeong, S., Roh, J.-E., and Lee, S.-H. (2025) Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis for Blast-Resistant Design of Building Structures. Protective Facility 2(2), 111-122. doi:10.23310/PF.2025.2.2.111. (In Korean)

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Korea Protective Facility Institute (KPFI) (2025) Standards for Protective and Blast-Resistant Facilities. Seoul: Korea Protective Facility Institute. (In Korean)

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Nam, J. W. (2007) Blast Analysis of RC Wall Structure Using High Strain Rate Dependent Concrete Damage Model and Non-Uniform Peak Pressure Distribution Model. PhD Dissertation. Yonsei University.

8

Park, D., Lee, T. H., Lee, Y., Choi, Y., and Hong, J. W. (2024) Blast Simulations of a Reinforced Concrete Slab Using the Continuous Surface Cap Model (CSCM). Journal of Building Engineering 96, 110603.

10.1016/j.jobe.2024.110603
Information
  • Publisher :Korea Protective Facility Institute
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국방호시설학회
  • Journal Title :Protective Facility
  • Journal Title(Ko) :방호시설
  • Volume : 3
  • No :1
  • Pages :25-33
  • Received Date : 2025-12-31
  • Revised Date : 2026-01-22
  • Accepted Date : 2026-01-23
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.23310/PF.2026.3.1.025
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