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2026 Vol.3, Issue 2 Preview Page

Research Article

Development of Equations to Determine Blast Load Parameters for Blast Response Analysis

내폭응답 해석을 위한 폭발하중 파라미터 산정식 개발

Sang-Hoon Lee1
,
Jae Hyun Kim1
,
Jae min Kim2
,
Sangseok Han3
,
Kang Su Kim4*
이 상훈1
,
김 재현1
,
김 재민2
,
한 상석3
,
김 강수4*
1Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Architectural Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Rep. of Korea
2Ph.D Candidate, Department of Architectural Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Rep. of Korea
3M.S. Candidate, Department of Architectural Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Rep. of Korea
4Professor, Department of Architectural Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Rep. of Korea
1서울시립대학교 건축학부 박사후연구원
2서울시립대학교 건축공학과 박사과정
3서울시립대학교 건축공학과 석박사연계과정
4서울시립대학교 건축학부 교수
*Corresponding Author
30 April 2026. pp. 111-120
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Abstract

In this study, a multi-Gaussian-based model was developed to calculate blast load parameters through a single equation, aiming to enhance the efficiency and continuity of the blast response analysis process for reinforced concrete (RC) members. Conventional blast parameter estimation methods often require the individual application of multiple equations depending on specific ranges of the scaled distance. Such methods have inherent limitations, including restricted valid ranges, which lead to discontinuities and complexity during the analysis. To overcome these constraints, this study proposes a unified equation that superimposes three Gaussian functions and an offset constant, effectively capturing the sharp nonlinear behavior of blast parameters across varying scaled distances. The proposed model was used to fit peak overpressure, impulse, and duration, achieving high accuracy with a coefficient of determination of 0.99 or higher across the entire range. Furthermore, single degree of freedom (SDOF) analysis results for RC columns using the proposed model demonstrated behavior nearly identical to that of conventional methods, with a maximum displacement error rate of approximately 7.2 %. The blast load parameter estimation formula presented in this study is expected to improve the convenience of blast-resistant design and analysis while significantly enhancing analytical reliability.

Keywords
Blast load parameter
Multi-Gaussian model
Unified equation
Scaled distance
Blast response analysis

이 연구에서는 철근콘크리트 부재의 내폭응답 해석 시 프로세스의 효율성과 연속성을 확보하기 위하여, 전 구간의 폭발하중 파라미터를 단일 수식으로 산정할 수 있는 다중 가우시안 기반의 모델을 개발하였다. 기존에 널리 사용되는 폭발 파라미터 산정식들은 환산거리의 특정 범위에 따라 서로 다른 다수의 수식을 개별적으로 적용해야 하며, 각 식의 유효 범위가 제한되어 있어 해석 과정에서 불연속성과 복잡성을 초래하였다. 이러한 제약을 극복하고자 이 연구에서는 3개의 가우시안 함수와 상수항을 중첩한 단일 산정식을 제안하였으며, 환산거리에 따른 파라미터의 급격한 비선형 거동을 유사하게 모사하였다. 제안된 모델을 통해 폭발압력, 충격량, 지속시간을 피팅한 결과, 전 구간에서 결정계수 0.99 이상의 높은 정확도를 확보하였다. 또한, 이를 적용한 RC 기둥의 SDOF 해석 결과가 기존 방식과 매우 유사한 거동(최대 변위 오차율 약 7.2 %)을 보임을 확인하였다. 이 연구로부터 제시된 하중이력 파라터 산정식은 내폭 설계 및 해석의 편의성을 높이고 해석적 신뢰성을 향상시키는 데 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

키워드
폭발하중 파라미터
다중 가우시안 모델
단일 산정식
환산거리
내폭응답 해석
References
1

ASCE (2025) Design of Blast-Resistant Buildings in Energy and Industrial Facilities (3rd ed.). Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers.

2

DoD (2008) UFC 3-340-02: Structures to Resist the Effects of Accidental Explosions. Washington, D.C.: US Depart of Defense (DoD).

3

Friedlander, F. G. (1946) The Diffraction of Sound Pulses I. Diffraction by a Semi-Infinite Plane. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences 186(1006), 322-344.

10.1098/rspa.1946.0046
4

Jeon, D. J. and Han, S. E. (2016) A Suggestion of Simplified Load Formula for Blast Analysis. Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea 29(1), 67-75. (In Korean)

10.7734/COSEIK.2016.29.1.67
5

Ma, L. L., Wu, H., and Fang, Q. (2023) Performance-Based Blast-Resistant Design of RC Bridge Piers under Vehicular Bombs. Engineering Structures 291, 116492.

10.1016/j.engstruct.2023.116492
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Pannell, J. J., Panoutsos, G., Cooke, S. B., Pope, D. J., and Rigby, S. E. (2021) Predicting Specific Impulse Distributions for Spherical Explosives in the Extreme Near-Field Using a Gaussian Function. International Journal of Protective Structures 12(4), 437-459.

10.1177/2041419621993492
7

Peng, W., Pan, M., Leng, C., Wang, S., and Zhong, W. (2025) Blast Loading Prediction in a Typical Urban Environment Based on Bayesian Deep Learning. Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics 19(1), 2445765.

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8

Randers-Pehrson, G. and Bannister, K. (1997) Airblast Loading Model for DYNA2D and DYNA3D. Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD: Army Research Laboratory. ARL-TR- 1310.

9

Stewart, M. G. (2022) Reliability-Based Design and Robustness for Blast-Resistant Design of RC Buildings. Advances in Structural Engineering 25(7), 1402-1412.

10.1177/13694332221087341
Information
  • Publisher :Korea Protective Facility Institute
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국방호시설학회
  • Journal Title :Protective Facility
  • Journal Title(Ko) :방호시설
  • Volume : 3
  • No :2
  • Pages :111-120
  • Received Date : 2026-04-01
  • Revised Date : 2026-04-23
  • Accepted Date : 2026-04-23
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.23310/PF.2026.3.2.111
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